LÃNG DU...: Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II

2014-07-01

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Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II

Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II - multipurpose fighter of the fifth generation produced in the United States, to replace the planes were armed with: F-15, F-16, F-18, F-111 and others. Getting re-scheduled for 2008-2009 years.
The development program of the aircraft F-35 LightningII
In 2001 was selected the final version of the design of a new fighter in the framework of the creation of a new generation strike fighter. For the final tests were chosen two cars. First manufactured Boeing Company and designated as a model of the X-32, and the second was developed by Lockheed Martin with the designation X-35, which later became known as F-35 Lightning II. But the state program envisages further development of the single machine, this created the conditions to be met by the fighter.

First of all, at the request of the US Air Force fighter should have shortened the length of take-off and landing at small distance is required to produce a vertical takeoff and landing. The most important was that the fighter should be effectively used as a naval and ground forces. This unit should have a number of advantages over the machines that have been made earlier.
To find out which machine is better tests were conducted, the results of which revealed that the model X-35 has a much better performance. This model is able to produce a horizontal take-off from the site, the length of which - only 150 meters and after that could qualitatively hold horizontal landing. Furthermore, X-35 indicators could reach supersonic velocities.

The uniqueness of this model was a diagram of the structure of the vertical thrust, which had a separate fan, not as in other such devices through the use of the main engine. This machine was designed for use by countries that belong to NATO. Financing for this project is not just the US government, but also European countries. This machine is planning to purchase and Israel.
The first aircraft F-35 LightningII 2011 was made in the fall, and was handed over to the Air Force of Great Britain in 2012 year. This unit in England passed the final test and is used to train pilots for the further use of the fighter. For the first time the car has made the gap between the runway in February 2011 years in the US Air Force Base in California. On this basis, also conducted flight tests, which confirmed the high flight characteristics of the device in various flight modes. The general public was introduced in the summer of fighter 2013 year at air show at Le Bourget.

The first country which has received the first order for the type of aircraft F-35, became Israel, and in this year 201 country has signed a contract for delivery of the second batch. This machine is also collected on the Italian territory, the first machine was ready in early spring 2015 years and had the designation AL-1. The plans of the Italian manufacturers to collect 90 such devices mainly to the Netherlands.

Design features the fifth generation fighter F-35 Lightning II

In the development of this machine designers had borrowed a lot of technical decisions from the previous model fighter F-22. It should be noted the fact that the designers have worked three variants of the aircraft, which differ in the type of takeoff and landing. The base model was able to produce a standard take-off from the takeoff and landing using the path of the strip. Modification with the designation F-35B produce enough short run for take-off and landing was carried out in a vertical way. The third model F-35C taking off from an aircraft carrier with a special catapult and landed by the use of the ship's arresting gear.

This machine is equipped with the most new electronic equipment such as radar AN / APG-81, which makes it very efficient to detect both ground and air targets. In the avionics unit includes a variety of systems, including the station with phasing provided by the antenna AN / APG-81. The most noteworthy EOS system, with which you can perform many operations, such as:

§ to fix the launch of ballistic missiles groups at a distance of 1,3 thousand kilometers, and you can follow their flight and calculate their ultimate goal;
§ detect at a distance the enemy's equipment both on the ground and in the air;
§ conduct quality navigation at any time of day or night;
§ signal a possible missile attack of the enemy in the direction of the fighter;
§ effectively calculate the location of the artillery firing points of the enemy;
§ carry out the precise launch missiles at the planes that fly over the F-35.

Besides the above mentioned systems and advantages drive has been established a plurality of computing systems. For data transfer system was installed MADL, which can operate over a wide range. This system has many tools that can protect it from enemy interference noise, and protection from interception rate.

A feature of the layout is the helmet of the pilot of the aircraft, which is equipped with multiple functions. Helmet F-35 is designated as HMDS, it allows the pilot to look through the walls of the plane. This effect is obtained by a plurality of cameras mounted on the board, which involve the helmet. It allows the pilot to make a review as if the plane does not exist. This equipment is designed in the UK for the bomber F-35. Currently, there is only one helmet this design, but its production is taken for an Israeli company with the support of the American company Rockwell Collins. The plans of the manufacturers to equip such helmets all aircraft types with F-35 2016 years.
The power plant is represented by engine type F135, which is developed by Pratt & Whitney, with the support of Rolls-Royce Defence. According to the manufacturers, this propulsion system allows the aircraft to withstand the overload in 9 g. This engine equips the machine with a capacity of 13 thousand kgs, and afterburner 19,5 thousand kgs. Resource use of the motor reaches 4 thousand hours of flight.

Airplane F-35 has quite powerful weapons, which allows for military operations with great efficiency. The structure of weapons includes missiles of air-land with the designation AIM-9 Sidewinder missiles and AIM-120 AMRAAM. Also, the fighter has cruise missiles type Storm Shadow. The greatest power of weapons possessed bomb-class JDAM, which weighed 910 kilos. The composition of the bomb load included guided bombs AGM-154. To destroy the enemy's ground-based technology used anti-tank missiles.
At this time there is a development of missiles to destroy water bodies. For aircraft F-35 firm General Dynamics has produced a large-caliber gun chetyrehstvolnuyu designation GAU-22 / A. A feature of the device is the ability to launch missiles and bombs while flying at supersonic speeds. The manufacturers of this machine are going to develop a system that will produce from the aircraft launch nuclear rockets V61.

Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II photo

Work on the creation of a new fighter were to companies "Boeing" and "Lockheed Martin". Fighter is produced in three versions: CTOL (for the BBC), CV (BMC), STOVL (short takeoff and vertical landing).

Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II Tactics

Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II photo

JSF fighter flight characteristics do not differ from those of aircraft in its class, standing on the arms of the leading countries of the world at the beginning of the XXI century., But the latest indication board, installed on the aircraft, will provide a distinct advantage in combat before the enemy air.

FreshF-35.Upgrading to a fighterF-35A, F-35B, A-35Cs.

Tactical Fighter F-35 Cs test flights resumed after a break caused by emergency situations have occurred in the tests conducted on the US aircraft carrier "Nimitz". Reopened flight program that runs under the control of the US Navy for a new generation of fighters.

Conducted testing of takeoffs and landings from the deck of an aircraft carrier with the ability to achieve the best results of all systems and the safe operation of aircraft and carrier services.

The program is the creation of a new fighter 5-generation cost of about 400 billion. USD has been suspended after a fire engine company Pratt & Whitney installed on F-35. Due to a problem with the engine system was delayed debut F-35 in the UK on an annual air show, flight test schedule was disrupted with a lag of 45 days. Complications with the engines F-35, sharpened competition for the purchase of fighter aircraft of the US Navy. Some experts are in favor of the purchase for the US Navy as a carrier-based fighter with basing on aircraft carriers, fighter Boeing F / A-18E / Fs.

The US Air Force plans to train a group of aircraft, consisting of 12-24 2016 aircraft by August, completely ready to perform tactical missions.

The company Lockheed Martin provides for the implementation of the plane F-35, with a discount for international partners who are willing to participate in financing the project. The company plans to realize 750 aircraft, including 612 units in the country: UK, Italy, Australia, Norway, the Netherlands, Denmark, Turkey, Canada, Japan, Israel and South Korea. The preliminary price for a fighter is F-35 80-85 million. Dollars from the beginning of the main supply 2019 year.

Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning 2 is a range of single-seat fighters, equipped with 1 engine designed for all-weather operations and perform various tactical missions. The plane belongs to the model 5-generation andto perform the functions of attack aircraft, air defense systems, reconnaissance and data collection on the conduct of hostilities.

Developed three basic models:

F-35A, a standard takeoff and landing (CTOL);
F-35B, short takeoff and landing (CA);
A-35Cs combat aircraft based Catobar (CF).

The plane was designed and built by Lockheed Martin, with the active participation of Northrop Grumman, Pratt & Whitney and BAE Systems.

The first flight took place in December 15 2006 years. The Ministry of Defence plans to acquire 2443 aircraft F-35 for the US Air Force, Marine Corps and Navy. The program re-designed US forces to 2037 years.

F-35 on the JSF program was developed to replace the US military modelsF-16, A-10, F / A-18 and AV-8B tactical fighters.

The US Navy plans to buy 480 F-35Cs, US Marine Corps, a total of 80 units F-35Cs.

Features Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II:

Modification	F-35A
Wingspan, m	10.70
Length, m	15.67
Height	4.33
Wing area, m2	42.70
Mass, kg
empty aircraft	13300
normal takeoff	20100
maximum take-off	31800
Internal fuel, kg	8382
Engine's type	1 turbofans Pratt Whitney F135
Thrust, kN
maximum	1 111 x
afterburner	1 178 + x
The maximum speed, km / h	2065 (M = 1.67)
Maximum cruising speed, km / h	(M = 1.5)
Practical range, km	2200
Combat radius of action km	1100
Service ceiling, m	18288
Max. operation overload	9
Crew	1
Armament:	20-mm six-barreled gun (optional)
	combat load - 5000 kg
	In stealth mode - 2h 450-2 kg bombs and UR-air AIM-120C AMRAAMS. The congestion - 2h 900-kg bombs and SD in 4 2 compartments weapons.
	In the normal mode is used 8 weapons hardpoints